How to install hadoop 2.7.3 single node cluster on ubuntu 16.04

Posted on December 31, 2016 Updated on January 18, 2020

In this post, we are installing Hadoop-2.7.3 on Ubuntu-16.04 OS. Followings are step by step process to install hadoop-2.7.3 as a single node cluster.

Before installing or downloading anything, It is always better to update using following command:

$ sudo apt-get update

Step 1: Install Java

$ sudo apt-get install default-jdk

We can check JAVA is properly installed or not using following command:

$ java –version

Step 2: Add dedicated hadoop user

$ sudo addgroup hadoop
$ sudo adduser --ingroup hadoop hduser

NOTE: don’t write password or any things here, Just press ‘y’ when it ask “Is the information correct?[Y|n]”

$ sudo adduser hduser sudo

Step 3: Install SSH

$ sudo apt-get install ssh

Step-4: Passwordless entry for localhost using SSH

$ su hduser

Now we are logined in in ‘hduser’.

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
NOTE: Leave file name and other things blank.
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ ssh localhost

Use above command and make sure it is passwordless login. Once we are logined in localhost, exit from this session using following command

$ exit

Step 5: Install hadoop-2.7.3

$ wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/core/hadoop-2.7.3/hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz
$ tar xvzf hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz
$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/hadoop
$ cd hadoop-2.7.3/
$ sudo mv * /usr/local/hadoop
$ sudo chown -R hduser:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop

Step 6: Setup Configuration Files

The following files should to be modified to complete the Hadoop setup:

6.1 ~/.bashrc

6.2 hadoop-env.sh

6.3 core-site.xml

6.4 mapred-site.xml

6.5 hdfs-site.xml

6.6 yarn-site.xml

6.1 ~/.bashrc

First, we need to find the path where JAVA is installed in our system

$ update-alternatives --config java

Now we append at the end of ~/.bashrc:

It may possible vi will not work properly. If it does install vim

$ sudo apt-get install vim

Open bashrc file using command:

$ vim ~/.bashrc

Append following at the end. (Follow this process -> First append below content at the end by pressing ‘INSERT’ or ‘i’ key from keyboard-> Press ‘ecs’ -> Press ‘:’ (colon) -> Press ‘wq’->Press ‘Enter’ Key)

#HADOOP VARIABLES START
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib"
#HADOOP VARIABLES END

Update .bashrc file to apply changes

$ source ~/.bashrc

6.2 hadoop-env.sh

We need to modify JAVA_HOME path in hadoop-env.sh to ensure that the value of JAVA_HOME variable will be available to Hadoop whenever it is started up.

$ vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

Search JAVA_HOME variable in file. It may first variable in file. Do Change it by following:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64

6.3 core-site.xml

core-site.xml file has configuration properties which are requires when Hadoop is started up.

$ sudo mkdir -p /app/hadoop/tmp

$ sudo chown hduser:hadoop /app/hadoop/tmp

Open the file and enter the following in between the tag:

$ vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/app/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>fs.default.name</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:54310</value>
</property>

6.4 mapred-site.xml

By default, the /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/ folder contains /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template file which has to be renamed/copied with the name mapred-site.xml:

$ cp /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

The /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml file is used to specify which framework is being used for MapReduce.

We need to enter the following content in between the tag:

$ vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>localhost:54311</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>

6.5 hdfs-site.xml

We need to configure hdfs-site.xml for each host in the cluster which specifies two directories:

1. Name node
2. Data node

These can be done using the following commands:

$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/hadoop_store/hdfs/namenode
$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/hadoop_store/hdfs/datanode
$ sudo chown -R hduser:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop_store

Open hdfs-site.xml file and enter the following content in between the tag:

$ vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop_store/hdfs/namenode</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop_store/hdfs/datanode</value>
</property>  

6.6 yarn-site.xml

Open hdfs-site.xml file and enter the following content in between the tag:

$ vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

 <property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>

Step7: Format hadoop file system

$  hadoop namenode –format

Step 8: Start Hadoop Daemons

$  cd /usr/local/hadoop/sbin

$ start-all.sh

We can check all daemons are properly started using following command:

$ jps

Step 9: Stop hadoop Daemons

$ stop-all.sh

Congratulation..!! We have installed hadoop successfully.. 🙂

Hadoop has Web Interfaces too. (Copy and paste following links in your browser)

NameNode daemon: http://localhost:50070/

mapreduce: http://localhost:8042/

SecondaryNameNode:: http://localhost:50090/status.html

Resource Manager: http://localhost:8088/

Now, we run mapreduce job on our newly created hadoop single node cluster setup.

hduser@parthgoel:/usr/local/hadoop$ hadoop jar ./share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.3.jar pi 2 5

You may like this post:

How to Create Word Count MapReduce Application using Eclipse

NOTE: Whenever we login in Ubuntu, make sure you are in ‘hduser’.

If you are not in hduser, use below command to login in ‘hduser’

$ su hduser

Now you can use all hadoop commands here.

Enjoy..!! Happy Hadooping..!! 🙂

NOTE/error: Once we run any mapreduce program and then you format the namenode,  you start all services, it may possible that data node may not get started.

Solution:

Your datanode is not starting because You formatted the namenode again. That means you have cleared the metadata from namenode. Now the files which you have stored for running any mapreduce job are still in the datanode and datanode has no idea where to send the block reports since you formatted the namenode so it will not start.

$ sudo rm -r /usr/local/hadoop_store/hdfs/datanode/current
$ hadoop namenode -format
$ start-all.sh
$ jps

Again Congratulations…!!! Now we can run any hadoop example on this single node cluster. Just make sure you are login in ‘hduser’ because our hadoop setup is available on this dedicated ‘hduser’.